Amplifiers, Processors, Test Systems

To move signals from the physical or chemical domain to the measurement device (e.g., the digitizer) with integrity, a front-end amplifier component is often needed.  The front end may be an anti-aliasing, notch or bandpass filter, a differential amplifier, scaling amplifiers, or one of many more special purpose functions.  Some examples are shown.

When high-speed processing of inputs is required, FPGAs are the only way to keep up.  Two engineering examples illustrate the challenges.

When components are to be tested, special fixtures are often needed to make the connections or to run through all the options in an automated way.  Examples for FermiLab and CERN are shown.

Each one is a special case for IDL attention.